The second main part of the passage (1:24–31) focuses on how God has revealed his wrath against human beings, and the emphasis falls again on God’s fairness. God hands people over to their idolatry (1:24, 26, 28), and he does this in response to the human exchange of worshiping the Creator for worshiping the creature (1:23, 25) or to the human failure to deem God worth knowing (1:28). God’s abandonment of people to their sin, in other words, corresponds perfectly to their own choice to abandon him.